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All Advanced Allergic testing
Allergic testing has come a long way from basic skin prick tests and simple blood tests. Today, advanced allergic testing offers detailed insights into a person’s sensitivities, helping doctors design personalized treatment plans. These tests not only identify common allergens like pollen or dust mites but also detect hidden or less obvious triggers that affect immune responses.
One of the most advanced methods is the Component-Resolved Diagnostics (CRD), which breaks down allergens into specific protein components. Instead of just knowing if someone reacts to a whole allergen like peanuts, CRD can pinpoint exactly which peanut protein causes the reaction. This detailed view helps predict the severity of allergies and guides more precise immunotherapy.
Another cutting-edge test is the ImmunoCAP ISAC (Immuno Solid-phase Allergen Chip). It’s a microarray test that screens for over 100 allergen components at once using a tiny blood sample. This test is especially helpful for patients with multiple allergies or complex symptoms, revealing cross-reactivities between different allergens.
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Skin Prick & Patch test
Skin prick and patch tests are two of the most commonly used methods to diagnose allergies, but they work differently and are used for different types of allergic reactions.
The Skin Prick Test (SPT) is primarily used to detect immediate allergic reactions, also known as Type 1 hypersensitivity. It helps identify allergens like pollen, dust mites, pet dander, mold, and certain foods. During the test, a small drop of allergen extract is placed on the skin, usually on the forearm or back. A tiny prick or scratch is made through the drop to allow the allergen to enter the skin’s surface. If the person is allergic to that substance, a small raised bump, similar to a mosquito bite, appears within 15–20 minutes. The size of the bump indicates the severity of the allergy. Skin prick testing is quick, relatively painless, and provides immediate results, making it a preferred diagnostic tool for respiratory and food allergies.
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Allergen Immunotherapy
Allergen Immunotherapy (AIT), often known as allergy shots or allergy desensitization, is a specialized treatment designed to reduce the severity of allergic reactions by gradually training the immune system to tolerate specific allergens. Unlike medications that only relieve symptoms temporarily, immunotherapy aims to treat the root cause of allergies, offering long-lasting relief.
The process involves exposing patients to carefully measured doses of allergens, such as pollen, dust mites, pet dander, or insect venom, in increasing amounts over time. This gradual exposure helps the immune system build tolerance and reduces its overreaction to these allergens. Immunotherapy can be administered through injections (subcutaneous immunotherapy or SCIT) or under-the-tongue tablets or drops (sublingual immunotherapy or SLIT), depending on the allergy type and patient preference.
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